On Pessimism and Optimism in the Time of COVID-19 Pandemic — Dušan Grlja from Beton
Beton (Concrete), from Belgrade, was a joint cultural and artistic endeavour of the members of the original editorial board. We understood the editorial office primarily as an intermediary (how else), which, following its poetic determinants, would provide an organized, well-thought-out printed / digital place in the media field and editorial support for publishing texts and visual contributions by our esteemed authors mostly from the (ex-)Yugoslav space, but also from the former and present neighbourhood – these published authors and their readers together with the editorial board formed the political and aesthetic field of Beton. In 2019 Beton phase 2 began. In print and online. The concreting of the damned courtyard continues, but the change should definitely be marked. The new editorial board brings its editorial policy and its thematic orientations, but the aegis under which it works remains the same: the expansion of the space of freedom, always against censorship, against any and all dogmatism; against revisionism; against the nationalist matrix and the relativization of the 1990s; against the “conspiracy of silence” and the calculated (s) half rebellion; against patriarchal backwardness and stale lies about the free market. http://www.elektrobeton.net/vesti/na-kraju-pocetak/
Gestures of Radical Imagination: A Program For The Useful Revolution — Emanuele Braga from Institute of Radical Imagination
The Institute of Radical Imagination (IRI), from Naples, is a group of curators, activists, scholars and cultural producers with a shared interest in co-producing research, knowledge, artistic and political research-interventions aimed at implementing post-capitalist forms of life. IRI is a hybrid between a travelling research centre, a refuge for intellectuals and artists at risk, a radical museum and a policy-making body generating ideas and applied knowledge that respond to specific urgent needs on the ground – more than a structure, an intellectual logistical infrastructure operating across existing arts, academic and activist networks. https://instituteofradicalimagination.org/about/
This film is the final part of director Sergei Eisenstein’s
trilogy. He admitted that the revolution had “given him the most
precious of all things: It made him an artist.”
Chapaev, 1934
This is a film by the Vasiliev brothers about self-sacrificing Red Army commander Vasily Chapaev, who with his friends Petka and Anka fought the White Guard.
Lenin in
October, 1937
Shot 20 years after the revolution, Mikhail Romm’s film
concentrates on the personality of Vladimir Lenin – a funny
neurotic before turning out to be the genius of the revolution. In
the opinion of his contemporaries, actor Boris Schukin played the
revolution’s leader so virtuously that viewers stood up and applauded
when he appeared on screen – it was as if they were standing in
front of Lenin himself.
The Flight, 1970
This two-part film based on the works of Mikhail Bulgakov (primarily his play Flight and the novel The White Guard). Having participated in the 1971 Cannes Film Festival, Alexander Alov and Vladimir Naumov’s film depicts the radical rupture of moral and ethical values that occurred during the revolution, as well as the difficulties of the immigration and the lost role of the intelligentsia in the new Soviet era.
Angels of
the Revolution, 2014
This is an unusual story of the consequences of the revolution
filmed by Venetian Film Festival-winner Alexei Fedorchenko (First
on the Moon, Silent Souls). It’s about a group of
revolutionaries who come to the taiga to “enlighten” the
indigenous peoples in the name of art. Fedorchenko’s screen heroes
are based on 1920s avant-garde artists: Painters, architects,
musicians, and others. The mosaic of facts blended with the
director’s imagination shows the confrontation between the foremost
Soviet citizens and the smaller peoples of Siberia and the North who
were detached from the revolutionary sentiment.
The
Battle of Algiers -La battaglia di Algeri, 1966
In the 1950s, fear and violence escalate as the people of Algiers fight for independence from the French government.
Land
and Freedom – Tierra y Libertad, 1995
The film narrates the story
of David Carr, an unemployed worker and member of the Communist Party
of Great Britain, who decides to fight for the republican side in the
Spanish Civil War, an anti-rebel coalition of Socialists, Communists
and Anarchists.
I
Am Cuba – Soy Cuba, 1964
Four vignettes about the
lives of the Cuban people set during the pre-revolutionary era.
Strike is a silent film
made in the Soviet Union by Sergei Eisenstein.
Three
Songs About Lenin – Tri pesni o Lenine, 1934
Three anonymous songs about Lenin provide the basis for this documentary that celebrates the achievements of the Soviet Union and Lenin’s role in creating them.
1900
– Novecento, 1976
The epic tale of a class struggle in
twentieth century Italy, as seen through the eyes of two childhood
friends on opposing sides.
Rosa Luxemburg – Die Geduld
der Rosa Luxemburg, 1986
Polish
socialist and Marxist Rosa Luxemburg works tirelessly in the service
of revolution in early 20th century Poland and Germany. While
Luxemburg campaigns for her beliefs, she is repeatedly imprisoned as
she forms the Spartacist League offering a new vision for Germany.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PP-x-FI2Tz8
In the Year of the Pig, 1986
A
documentary chronicling the background to, and history of, the
Vietnam War.
Salt of the Earth, 1954
Mexican workers at a Zinc mine call a general strike. It is only through the solidarity of the workers, and importantly the indomitable resolve of their wives, mothers and daughters, that they eventually triumph.
Mexico: The Frozen Revolution -México, la revolución congelada, 1971
A thorough analysis of the social-
politics of Mexico, within the historical context of the Mexican
Revolution (1910). Includes footage of Pancho Villa and Emiliano
Zapata, interviews with farmers, politicians, intellectuals, middle
class, trade unionists.
The Revolution Will Not Be Televised – Chavez: Inside the Coup, 2003
In
April 2002, an Irish film crew is making a documentary about
Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez, when a coup from the opposition is
made.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wKf1nccf3OI
The Last Zapatistas, Forgotten Heroes – Los últimos zapatistas, héroes olvidados, 2002
In
the year 2000 the Mexican film director, Francesco Taboada Tabone,
began his search for the last of the soldiers to have fought beside
General Emiliano Zapata in the 1910 Revolution.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kX5sHJbhnPA
The East is Red – Dongfang hong, 1965
The
East Is Red is a 1965 Chinese film directed by Wang Ping. It is a
“song and dance epic” dramatizing the history of the
Chinese Revolution and the Communist Party under the leadership of
Mao Zedong, from the beginnings of the Boxer Rebellion, to the Civil
War against the Nationalists, to the victory of the Communists and
the establishing of the People’s Republic.
Lumumba, 2000
At
the Berlin Conference of 1885, Europe divided up the African
continent. The Congo became the personal property of King Leopold II
of Belgium. On June 30, 1960, a young revolutionary Patrice Lumumba,
became, at age 36, the first head of government of the new
independent state. He would last two months in office.
The Battle of Neretva – Bitka na Neretvi, 1969
World
war two drama about the 1943 battle around the Neretva River between
Axis forces and Yugoslav partisan units.
Who’s Singin’ Over There? – Ko to tamo peva?, 1980
It’s
April 5, 1941, somewhere in Serbia. A group of people go on a bus to
Belgrade, on a journey that will change their lives forever.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NTXDA2v3V08
Walter Defends Sarajevo – Valter brani Sarajevo, 1972
The
film, WalterDefendsSarajevo (1972),
tells the story of Vladimir Valter Perić, leader of
Sarajevo’s underground resistance movement when it was
occupied by Nazis forces during WWII.
Balkan ekspres, 1983
World
War II, Serbia. A band of small-time crooks aren’t interested in
either the occupation or the resistance movement—their lone
ambition is to survive in one piece. They flee from the capital to
the countryside disguised as a musical troupe called “Balkan
Express” and wait for the end of the war while supporting
themselves through petty theft. Despite the fact that all of their
energy is being spent on avoiding everything related to the war, a
combination of circumstances forces them into a situation where they
must act like heroes. Black humor interweaves with an exciting plot
and nostalgic music seems to struggle with the horrors of war.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I2gaaD_pfTQ
I Even Met Happy Gypsies – Skupljači perja, 1967
The
film is centered on Romani people’s life in a village in northern
Vojvodina. The authenticity of I Even Met Happy Gypsies is amplified
by the use of genuine Gypsy melodies on the soundtrack; in addition,
the film was shot in a near-extinct Gypsy language called Romany,
requiring the film to carry subtitles even when released in
Yugoslavia. I Even Met Happy Gypsies was the recipient of an award at
the Cannes Film Festival.
By aesthetic mode of production we understand the combination of factors whose effect is to operate the reversal. To operate the reversal means to give an ideological function to certain real-imaginary elements that are regionally produced by a historically determined state of the aesthetic process. We might say that art repeats in the real the ideological repetition of this real. Nevertheless this reversal does not produce the real; it realizes its reflection.
By The Wretched of the Earth – Voices of Struggle 1969-1988
Curated by French rapper Rocé this ambitious compilation refers to Frantz Fanon’s book “Les damnés de la terre” and collects rare protest songs from around the world -mostly from former French colonies-. All are sung or delivered in French and the tracklist also features short extracts from anti-colonialist / political speeches.
Museo
de la Solidaridad was born out of the visionary idea of a handful of
individuals—later named the International Committee of Artistic
Solidarity with Chile of which Mario Pedrosa, a Brazilian art critic in
exile was the president. The founding idea was articulated in March 1971
during “Operation Truth,” when President Allende invited international
artists and journalists to “understand the process that his nation was
living.” Salvador Allende sent an appeal to the artists
of the world to support the new socialist path Chile was taking by
donating the works of art. Words like solidarity, experimental,
fraternal and revolutionary resonated in his letter. After Allende’s
call donations from all over the world started to arrive in Santiago,
600 works in the first year of the museum’s existence alone, in a
heterogeneous mixture of styles: Latin American social realism, Abstract
Expressionism, Geometric style, Art Informel, experimental proposals,
and conceptualist works. The idea behind this museum was also in tune
with cultural democratization underpinning the cultural politics of
Unidad Popular (Allende’s political party): to bring art out of the
museums and into non-specialized spaces. This was done through
approaches such as Tren popular de la cultura, casas de la cultura,
travelling shows in tents, protest posters, murals (Brigada Ramona
Parra), etc. Pedrosa also spoke about the connection between art and
workers, especially Chilean copper miners, saying that works of art
should belong to everybody. President Allende seemed to understand the
new mission of museums when he exclaimed while inaugurating the
solidarity museum in 1972: „This is not just a museum anymore. This is a
museum of the workers!” https://institutulprezentului.ro/…/we-face-neither-east-no…/
What has always fascinated me about Sirens, whether written of by Euripides, Homer, Ovid or Hesiod, is that no one writes about Siren’s Song. (Todorov, 2010) It is the hour of the discrete siren who refuses in advance to disseminate and cause to vanish truths that are still only in the state of ‘scales or chord played in prelude to a concert’. Ranciere (2011) – Mallarme the Politics of the Siren The Sirens: it seems they did indeed sing, but in an unfulfilling way, one that only gave a sign of where the real sources and real happiness of song opened. Still, by means of their imperfect songs that were only a song still to come, they did lead the sailor toward that space where singing might truly begin. They did not deceive him, in fact: they actually led him to his goal. But what happened once the place was reached? What was this place? One where there was nothing left but to disappear, because music, in this region of source and origin, had itself disappeared more completely than in any other place in the world: sea where, ears blocked, the living sank, and where the Sirens, as proof of their good will, had also, one day, to disappear. (Maurice Blanchot – The books to come)
What is it in siren songs that piques Todorov’s interest, as if we’re not aware that the siren songs of today come from shopping malls, television programs, political tribunes, tourist “paradises” – haven’t we heard enough of them? Where is Ranicere’s “discrete siren”? As Blanchot notices, sirens are no longer at sea – some of them disappeared and some of them moved into new spaces. Sirens have sung into the ears of attentive listeners about prosperity and freedom while books were burned and walls raised. Both sides have justified their actions, thinking they would be able to eradicate each other for the good of us all. “To hear the Song of the Sirens, he had to stop being Ulysses and become Homer” (Blanchot). Not Homer, but Homer Simpson he became, I would add. And why should we even write about sirens’ songs, those commanding, singing desires that employ shallow poetic language for the purpose of building new fences and walls, heard by only a chosen few who are the creators of both, songs and walls, and who do not really listen to them. All that can be heard turns into universal insights that put fences around our deteriorated education and our lives, and that stigmatizes any sort of common living, that small creation of the togetherness which we share as the good and evil of our collective existence.
Ranciere (2004) wrote:
On the one side there is the community of lived experience, meaning the community of alienated life. This community is based on the originary separation of sense (sensation) and sense (meaning). In Max Horkheimer and Theodor Adorno’s narrative, this is the separation of Ulysses’s reason from both the songs of the sirens and the work of sailing. That community of alienated life is achieved in the deceptive appearance of its opposite. It is achieved in the homogeneous appearance of aestheticized life and commodity culture. (p. 39)
Communal hallucination as the consequence of the siren song determines the form and matter of our reality and successfully navigates the processes of how not to see things as they are in their essence. “What a life. True life is somewhere else. We are not in the real world”, Rimbaud wrote (quoted in Slatter, 2002).
We live in a world ruled by fictions of every kind. […] The fiction is already there. The writer’s task is to invent the reality. (JG Ballard – Crash)
An entire discourse of hallucinogens and soft, plastic obfuscators has led us into a state of epistemological collapse, which we perceive as intellectual crises, crises of humanity/inhumanity and much more, when in fact they are false conditions caused by the hallucinogenic abandonment of something that it is. The relations of real and symbolic have collapsed – it is impossible to escape the artificiality of the real because of the constant naive belief that we can create reality – reality of creation, creative reality. Festive garments fall and the emperor walks naked for quite some time, while we “in spite of everything” behave like “disgusting bourgeois” (Levinas, 1998). Before consciousness stand stripped-down schemes as bare as frozen trees in winter. Who or what can breathe life into them? Maybe Plato? His “inexhaustible knowledge of history even today leads us to confusion” and so gives breath. Taking with you all foggy areas of origin and, most importantly, preserving their importance, Plato does not cease to provoke the “prose of Life” (Genette, 1980, p.37).
And so, in a never-ending cycle, everything goes again and from the beginning, another sirenic dose of exaggerated beauty, prejudice and happiness, logocentrism, homophobia, hatred, then purification through war and enmity, and a future in the blind belief in the quasi-humaneness and irrefutability of the human to appear as the only possibility in its own impossibility. This perpetual escape from reality or, more precisely, creation of artificial realities, has become very imaginative, fantastical, and fanatical, though it does not complement the reality of what is, but rather the reality of what is not. And what can never be—in the sense of Christianity’s paradox where real life, worth living, comes only after human death—in the special place where all the chosen righteous ones can listen to and sing the siren song—a logocentric song. As Bradatan (2015) says,
Suppose there is a manner of doing philosophy that, strictly speaking, doesn’t involve writing and speech-making, lecturing and teaching—indeed, a form of philosophizing that doesn’t even need language. Suppose, further, that this kind of philosophizing is all about performance, bodily performance. Philosophers have exhausted all their usual approaches, and now have to put their bodies on the line. The situation doesn’t lack irony: an essentially logo-centric discipline finds itself one day in a state where words are useless and arguments futile.
Logocentrism has become the foundation for all other forms of centrism. Logocentrists posit that the spirit is the real subject of history, but it is realized through genius, people, and a multitude of individuals. The structure of asymmetry and privilege is refracted through each of these categories, primarily because the spirit is not realized equally through all the representatives of a people, nor within all the peoples known in history. From the viewpoint of spiritual self-realization there are peoples and individuals who are more important than others. The theory of genius was derived from this centric supposition, as was the theory of people. Logocentrism is converted to ethnocentrism, and this again to elitism, and transcendental asymmetry into the real asymmetry which makes possible the formulation of the principle of greater and smaller spiritual and historical rights. On the other hand, the principle of rights is hierarchized according to degree of universality. The rights of the people come before the rights of the individual, and the rights of the genius before the rights of the people as a whole. At the same time, these rights become historical, and not simply natural, as the nature of the spirit is ingrained in history, its self-positioning and its self-realization. The final aim of the absolute suspends all individual and collective aims, and the firm line of history suspends all individual and collective plans and fates. Not even devastating criticism of Hegel’s absolutism could change the centric, fictional structure thus set up.
Reality has become irrelevant, too plain to search for, to strive for, and that state of mind initiates the unpleasant experience of alienation of one from one’s own self. This false analogue real, drowns within logocentric fixed ideas of stupidity, cynicism and irony. An entire process of the quasi-imaginative has corrupted our processes of thinking so that we still need muses, gods, sirens, great leaders, smart devices, artificial intelligence, and various kinds of synthetic spaces in order to practice how to be instead of just being. We dedicate our entire lives to improving this state of Eurocentric imagined capitalist reality – where the basest human urges are stimulated in order to sustain a system based on consumerism, heading into a life of nothingness – where we do not get to know ourselves but rather consume ourselves.
The science of language, too, has walked through that door of the quasi-imaginative, controlled by bizarre epistemological formulas that are corrupting the knowledge of entire generations for the purpose of deforming our inner being. Our insides so shaped become publicly displayed in an extreme exterior space representing our make-believe reality. We can easily hear the siren song from our mobile phones singing in a high-pitched artificial voice – poetry is dead so do we die too – your battery is low, your battery is critically low.
Comradeship is a collection of essays by Zdenka Badovinac, the forward-thinking Slovenian curator, museum director, and scholar. Badovinac has been an influential voice in international conversations rethinking the geopolitics of art after the fall of communism, a ferocious critic of unequal negotiations between East and West, and a historian of the avant-garde art that emerged in socialist and post-socialist countries in the last century.The lecture by Zdenka Badovinac is produced by WCSCD.
Justice is the philosophical name of the inconsistency, for the state, of any equalitarian political orientation. And we can here join the declarative and axiomatic vocation of the poem. For it is Paul Celan who probably gives us the most exact image of what we must understand by ʻjusticeʼ:
On inconsistencies Lean: flick in the abyss, in the scribblings in the notebooks the world begins to rustle. it all depends on you
Keep in mind in effect the lesson of the poet: in matters of justice, where it is on inconsistency that we must lean, it is true, true as a truth can be, that it only depends on you.